The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a tariff on imported goods from all foreign emitters that do not abide by a minimum carbon tax comparable to the EU. The carbon border tax would add equal CO2 costs to a product when it enters the EU, which the manufacturer of a domestically produced item would have to pay. For instance, if the EU carbon tax is $27.50 per tonne but Singapore’s carbon tax is $5 per tonne. Singaporean products entering the EU would face an additional tariff of $22.50 (reflecting the difference between the EU and Singapore carbon tax rates).

For the purpose of this debate, “Renewable ≠ Clean” is the narrative among certain environmental advocates that oppose all renewable energy projects that have a secondary environmental or social harm. Examples include opposing solar panel fields in sunlight-rich forests because the forest will be cut down, or a hydroelectric dam that will affect a small village.

UMNO is a centre-right party fighting for Malay-racial supremacy, and has been in power since independence. In the 2022 election, they only won 36 out of 222 seats, and are now a minority member of the government. MUDA is a centrist party fighting for democratic and youth rights. The party currently has 1 seat in parliament held by Syed Saddiq.

You are a young, progressive Malay professional. You have been offered a high-level leadership position in MUDA and a lower-level leadership position in UMNO. MUDA promises to include you as an election candidate, while UMNO wants you to grow with the grassroots and expects you to become a top candidate in 10+ years.

In corporate contexts, "lean in" promotes the value of assertiveness and encourages people to be aggressively included in business and pursue ambitious career development.

"Lean out" promotes the value of cooperation, humility and considering the needs of others.

In the ‘community-based mental health’ model, non-professional social workers provide mental health services (e.g. individual/group counselling, regular check-ups, etc.) to patients in a community that they oversee. It mainly occurs outside a clinical setting, instead of patients visiting healthcare professionals for specialized treatment.

For the purpose of this debate, ‘Health Humanoid’ is an AI healthcare assistant that lives with the patients who decide to use the service. It can independently analyze patient’s current health condition, provide necessary medication and treatment even without their consent, and allow healthcare professionals to monitor the patient’s everyday life.

Anti-natalist healthcare programs aim to decrease the birth rate with measures including contraceptive tools, sterilization operations, and hormonal methods. While the anti-natalist measures for men (e.g. vasectomy, external condoms, etc.) are relatively less intrusive, most common practices are currently those for women (e.g. internal condoms, pills, tubal ligation, etc.).

The Chip 4 Alliance, proposed by the United States (US), is a semiconductor alliance between US, South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. Among other goals, the alliance hopes to improve coordination in the semiconductor industry across the 4 largest producers of semiconductors, similar to the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in the oil industry.

For the purposes of this debate, ‘life extension technology’ refers solely to technology that attempts to extend the human lifespan past its maximum biological limit of 125 years. It is NOT regular medicine that seeks to treat disease or keep a sick person alive.

‘HistoryX’ is a memory implant that, once an individual decides to opt in, records everything a person sees, hears, and does. It can be surgically installed and removed free of charge, and strict data confidentiality rules apply to one’s memories, which are properly enforced.

However, for those who have it installed, states reserve the right to selectively access memories as part of legal investigations, similar to other otherwise private data (e.g. for suspects with search warrants, court witnesses, random searches at airports).

For the purpose of this debate, ‘Health Humanoid’ is an AI healthcare assistant that lives with the patients who decide to use the service. It can independently analyze patient’s current health condition, provide necessary medication and treatment even without their consent, and allow healthcare professionals to monitor the patient’s everyday life.

The ‘No Contact Rule’ is an implicit social practice where you don’t call, text, or communicate with an ex-partner in any way after the breakup. It includes not talking to their friends or family about them or the breakup.